Some photographers have popularized the use of tilt for selective focus in applications such as portrait photography. Such lenses are frequently used in architectural photography to control perspective, and in landscape photography to get an entire scene sharp. Canon and Nikon currently offer four lenses that provide both movements. Nikon introduced a lens providing shift movements for their 35 mm SLR cameras in 1962, and Canon introduced a lens that provided both tilt and shift movements in 1973 many other manufacturers soon followed suit. Movements have been available on view cameras since the early days of photography they have been available on smaller-format cameras since the early 1960s, usually by means of special lenses or adapters. Shift is used to adjust the position of the subject in the image area without moving the camera back this is often helpful in avoiding the convergence of parallel lines, as when photographing tall buildings. Tilt is used to control the orientation of the plane of focus (PoF), and hence the part of an image that appears sharp it makes use of the Scheimpflug principle. "Tilt–shift" encompasses two different types of movements: rotation of the lens plane relative to the image plane, called tilt, and movement of the lens parallel to the image plane, called shift. Sometimes the term is used when a large depth of field is simulated with digital post-processing the name may derive from a perspective control lens (or tilt–shift lens) normally required when the effect is produced optically. Tilt–shift photography is the use of camera movements that change the orientation or position of the lens with respect to the film or image sensor on cameras. Note how the focus plane is along the train, and how the blurring of the background proceeds from left to right. For this reason, very few people use the tilt-shift method when photographing the natural world, which is a shame, considering how successful these images are, whether they look miniature or not.Tilt-lens photo of a model train. Without a building or vehicle in shot, it’s hard for the viewer to get a sense of scale. Making images of nature appear miniature can be difficult. ‘Greek Coastline’, below, is a particularly effective miniature and ‘Shifting Storm’ really captures the power of a dark, tumultuous sky. Tilt-shift photography is dominated by images of urbanity, so it’s great to see some rural scenes too. While ‘610 Post Oak 1’ is a classic miniature, ‘Snowy Road’ looks like an image from a bygone era while ‘On The Move’ has a real cinematic flair. The following batch of images clearly demonstrates the versatility of the tilt-shift method. Some of the most interesting have been included below. This goes some way towards explaining the wealth of tilt-shift photos of vehicles out there. Men love tiny vehicles - in fact, many never really grow out of Scalextric, Hornby trains, Micro Machines and Hot Wheels. The following photos have been captured around the world, from Hong Kong to Paris. Huge skyscrapers can be dwarfed to more manageable sizes and extra definition can be given to buildings that might otherwise be lost within vast cityscapes. Tilt-shift photography is perfectly suited to capturing urban landscapes. Don’t get me wrong, tilt-shift miniatures are amazing, and I’ve included some brilliant examples below, but the technique is capable of so much more.īlack and white tilt-shift images, which are surprisingly uncommon, have a classic, vintage quality that can be truly stunning. Sadly, with so many photographers competing to make their images the tiniest, few are looking beyond their preoccupation with miniaturisation to explore the other benefits of tilt-shift. Online tools like imimux and freeware like GIMP can be used to much the same effect. It’s possible to produce a tilt-shift ‘fake’ by blurring the outside of an image in Photoshop and increasing contrast and saturation. The best tilt-shift photography can be achieved using expensive lenses, like the Canon TS-E 45mm f/2.8, which costs over $1,000, but there are cheaper alternatives for the more needy photographer. Tilt-shift is a powerful photographic technique used most often to make large objects appear miniature in size.
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